The close coordination of control activities and the need for a central chain of command at the level of the federal Chief Veterinary Officer and between the regional states are crucial.

The close proximity between people and animals and insufficient surveillance and disease control capability in eastern African countries create an ideal breeding ground for the virus,

The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus poses a very serious threat to animal health in West Africa. If a poultry epidemic should develop beyond the boundaries of Nigeria the effects would be disastrous for the livelihoods and the food security of millions of people.

the cycle of bird flu infection that will occur in poultry this winter will not be stopped.

In 2004 we said it will be an international crisis if we don't stop it in Asia, and this is exactly what is happening two years later.

In Africa in general, the veterinary services are understaffed and under-budgeted.

In Africa, the capacity to respond will not be enough.

In a way we are not surprised, since we had expected a possible expansion of the disease through wildlife.

The countries concerned and the international community have to make every effort to ensure that bird flu does not become endemic in Africa.

The countries urgently need international assistance to build up basic surveillance and control systems.